So what is Torque? It's
a force applied about an axis.
How do you find it and what unit
is it measured in? If you apply a torque at 90°, the formula
is t=
rF. The unit of torque must be
meters*Newtons, usually seen in texts as N·m.
If you can't pull or push at exactly 90°, then you are wasting some
of your force.
Have you already guessed that this involves vecors?
If you apply force at an angle, your useful force corresponds to the opposite
side of a triangle, so the modified torque equation becomes t=
rFsinq
At 90°, you apply 40N of force to a lever that is
.5m long. How much torque exists?
t=
rFsinq = .5*40*sin90 =
20 N·m
What if the lever is in a hard to reach spot, so you have to apply your 40N at 45°?
t=
rFsinq = .5*40*sin45 = 14.1
N·m
Here is an applet that you can
use to manipulate the angle and strength of an applied force to see how
torque changes. http://www.nadn.navy.mil/MathDept/mdm/wrench/wrench.html